ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗНЫЙ ГЛОССИТ — РЕДКАЯ ВНЕЛЕГОЧНАЯ ЛОКАЛИЗАЦИЯ

А. В. Кукурика

doi:10.32415/jscientia_2021_7_4_12-21

Авторы

А. В. Кукурика Городской противотуберкулезный диспансер г. Макеевки https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3383-7723

https://doi.org/10.32415/jscientia_2021_7_4_12-21

Ключевые слова:

туберкулезный глоссит, туберкулез языка, внелегочный туберкулез, микобактерии туберкулеза, ВИЧ-инфекция

Аннотация

Туберкулезный глоссит — очень редкое явление даже в странах с высоким бременем туберкулеза. Язык является наиболее частым очагом поражения в структуре оральных форм, частота которого не превышает 0,1%. Выделяют спутогенный и гематогенный пути инфицирования. Защитная функция слюны, обусловленная ферментами и антителами в её составе, pH ротовой полости, особенностями кровоснабжения, наличием изменчивой сапрофитной микрофлоры, малым количеством лимфоидных фолликулов, затрудняет инокуляцию микобактерий туберкулеза. Однако дефекты слизистой оболочки вследствие травм, инвазивных вмешательств и хронического неспецифического воспаления в ротовой полости создают благоприятные условия для жизнедеятельности возбудителя. Проанализированы 38 клинических случаев туберкулезного глоссита из зарубежной практики, представлена их краткая характеристика. Вопрос о своевременном выявлении и дифференциальной диагностике туберкулезного глоссита является актуальным в практике врачей различного профиля. Любое поражение языка должно быть тщательно исследовано, диагностика должна включать лабораторные, гистологические и лучевые методы.

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