НЕЙРОПСИХИАТРИЧЕСКИЕ ПОСЛЕДСТВИЯ COVID-19

Н. Н. Петрова

doi:10.32415/jscientia_2022_8_4_5-14

Авторы

Н. Н. Петрова Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4096-6208

https://doi.org/10.32415/jscientia_2022_8_4_5-14

Ключевые слова:

COVID-19, постковидный синдром, нейропсихиатрические расстройства, астения, депрессия, тревога, когнитивные нарушения, механизмы развития

Аннотация

Обзор литературы посвящен постковидным нейропсихиатрическим расстройствам. В статье раскрывается понятие постковидного синдрома, приводятся определения NICE и ВОЗ, дается характеристика клинической картины с системным поражением организма. Приводятся данные о росте психиатрической заболеваемости в различные сроки после перенесенной коронавирусной инфекции, включая депрессию, тревогу, когнитивные нарушения, астению. В качестве основной характеристики постковидного синдрома описан астеноневротический симптомокомплекс с выраженной астенией и когнитивной дисфункцией, к которому нередко присоединяется затяжная тревожно-депрессивная симптоматика. Когнитивные нарушения в рамках постковидного синдрома представлены преимущественно нарушениями памяти, снижением способности к концентрации внимания, ухудшением исполнительских функций независимо от возраста и предшествующего когнитивного снижения. Отмечено, что делирий в остром периоде коронавирусной инфекции является значимым фактором риска развития когнитивных нарушений в постковидном периоде. Описываются предполагаемые механизмы и факторы риска нейропсихиатрических последствий COVID-19, при этом подчеркивается значение системного воспаления, как ведущего патогенетического механизма постковидных психических расстройств.

Биография автора

Н. Н. Петрова, Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет

доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой психиатрии и наркологии

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